When you think of long tongues, perhaps snakes or aardvarks come to mind. However, certain birds can also share in this trait. From the nectar-sippers to bug-catching pros, these diverse groups of birds evolved some seriously impressive tongues to suit their unique dietary needs. In this article, we’ll explore birds with long tongues and understand how this unique characteristic contributes to their survival.
Birds With Long Tongues
The birds that have the longest tongues are hummingbirds, woodpeckers, sunbirds and honeyeaters. For these species, retrieving nectar from inside a flower or an insect from a small crevice requires the delicate work of a specialized tongue. Let’s get into the details of each group below.
1. Hummingbirds
These tiny birds are found throughout North and South America, and have elongated, tube-like tongues with a fork at the end. Size varies by species but generally their tongue can be extended well past the end of their beak. They can flick their tongue into the nectar and back to their mouth rapidly, about 12 times per second.
We usually don’t see the fork at the end of their tongue, as this tends to only open right when the tongue encounters nectar. The ends of the tongue separate in the nectar, and then as the hummingbird brings the tongue back to their mouth the ends come back together, trapping the nectar.
There are several types of hummingbirds found in the United States, and nearly all of them can be attracted to a backyard nectar feeder. Beyond feeders, you can attract hummingbirds to your yard or garden by adding tubed flowers to the landscape.
Let’s look at a few specific examples of common hummingbirds found in the U.S.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird
The ruby-throated hummingbird is the only species commonly found in eastern North America. Both sexes have emerald green backs with a white belly, and males sport the namesake red throat patch. Their migratory patterns take them across the Gulf of Mexico, making a spectacular journey from their breeding grounds in eastern North America to wintering habitats in Central America. Their arrival and departure are carefully watched each year by those who enjoy feeding them.
Anna’s Hummingbird
